List of extinct cetaceans
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The list of extinct cetaceans features the extinct genera and species of the order Cetacea. The cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises) are descendants of land-living mammals, the even-toed ungulates. The earliest cetaceans were still hoofed-mammals. These early cetaceans became gradually better adapted for swimming than for walking on land, finally evolving into fully marine cetaceans.
This list currently includes only fossil genera and species. However, the Atlantic population of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) went extinct in the 18th century, and the Baiji (or Chinese River Dolphin, Lipotes vexillifer) was declared "functionally extinct" after an expedition in late 2006 failed to find any in the Yangtze River.
(Eocene)
(Late Eocene)
(Early to Middle Eocene)
(Eocene)
- Georgiacetinae
- Babiacetus
- Carolinacetus
- Eocetus
- Georgiacetus
- Natchitochia
- Pappocetus
- Makaracetinae
- Protocetinae
(Eocene)
Family Aetiocetidae
(Oligocene)
Family Aglaocetidae
(Miocene to Pliocene)
- Aglaocetus
- Isanacetus
- Pinocetus
(Oligocene to Recent)
- Balaena
- Balaena affinis
- Balaena arcuata
- Balaena dubusi
- Balaena forsythmajori
- Balaena larteti
- Balaena macrocephalus
- Balaena montalionis
- Balaena pampaea
- Balaena ricei
- Balaena simpsoni
- Balaenella
- Balaenotus
- Balaenula
- Eubalaena (extant)
- Eubalaena belgica
- Eubalaena shinshuensis
- Morenocetus
(Oligocene to Recent)
- Archaebalaenoptera
- Balaenoptera (extant)
- Balaenoptera cephalus
- Balaenoptera cortesii (synonym B. floridana)
- Balaenoptera davidsonii
- Balaenoptera hubachi
- Balaenoptera minutis
- Balaenoptera ryani
- Balaenoptera siberi
- Balaenoptera sursiplana
- Balaenoptera taiwanica
- Cetotheriophanes
- Mauicetus
- Notiocetus
- Parabalaenoptera
- Plesiobalaenoptera
- Praemegaptera
- Protororqualus
(Miocene - Early Pleistocene)
- Aglaocetus
- Amphicetus
- Cephalotropis
- Cetotheriomorphus
- Cetotheriopsis
- Cetotherium
- Cophocetus
- Diorocetus
- Halicetus
- Herpetocetus
- Heterocetus
- Hibacetus[3]
- Imerocetus
- Isocetus
- Joumocetus[4]
- Mesocetus
- Metopocetus
- Mixocetus[5]
- Nannocetus
- Otradnocetus
- Palaeobalaena
- Parietobalaena
- Pelocetus
- Peripolocetus
- Pinocetus
- Piscobalaena[6]
- Plesiocetopsis
- Thinocetus
- Tiphyocetus
- Titanocetus[7]
- Rhegnopsis
Family Cetotheriopsidae
(Oligocene to Miocene)
- Cetotheriopsis
- Micromysticetus
Family Diorocetidae
(Miocene to Pliocene)
- Amphicetus
- Diorocetus
- Plesiocetus
- Thinocetus
- Uranocetus
Family Eomysticetidae
(Oligocene)
(Miocene to Recent)
- Archaeschrichtius
- Eschrichtioides
- Eschrichtius (extant)
- Gricetoides
- Megapteropsis
Family Llanocetidae
(Late Eocene)
(jr synonym Janjucetidae) (Late Oligocene)
(Miocene)
- Amphitera
- Burtinopsis
- Eobalaenoptera (Middle Miocene; Mysticeti)
- Idiocetus (Late Miocene to Pliocene; Balaenoidea)
- Imerocetus (Late Miocene; Chaeomysticeti
- Mioceta
- Otradnocetus (Middle Miocene; Chaeomysticeti)
- Peripolocetus (Middle Miocene; Chaeomysticeti)
- Piscocetus (Pliocene; Chaeomysticeti)
- Siphonocetus
- Tiphyocetus (Miocene, Chaeomysticeti)
- Tretulias
- Ulias
Family Albireonidae
(Miocene to Pliocene)
Family Allodelphinidae
(Early to Middle Miocene)
Family Dalpiazinidae
(Late Oligocene to Miocene)
(Oligocene to Recent)
- Anacharsis
- Arimidelphis
- Astadelphis
- Australodelphis
- Delphinus (extant)
- Etruridelphis
- Globicephala (extant)
- Globicephala etruriae
- Globicephala karsteni
- Hemisyntrachelus
- Lagenorhynchus (extant)
- Orcinus (extant)
- Protoglobicephala
- Pseudorca (extant)
- Stenella (extant)
- Stenella kabatensis
- Stenella rayi
- Tursiops (extant)
- Tursiops astensis
- Tursiops brochii
- Tursiops capellinii
- Tursiops oligodon
- Tursiops osennae
Family Eoplatanistidae
(Miocene)
(Mid Miocene to Pliocene)
- Argyrocetus
- Ceterhinops
- Eurhinodelphis
- Iniopsis
- Macrodelphinus
- Mycteriacetus
- Phocaenopsis
- Rhabdosteus
- Schizodelphis
- Squaloziphius
- Vanbreenia
- Xiphiacetus
- Ziphiodelphis
(Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene)
- Subfamily Kentriodontinae
- Genus Belonodelphis
- Genus Delphinodon
- Genus Incacetus
- Genus Kentriodon
- Genus Macrokentriodon
- Genus Microphocaena
- Genus Rudicetus
- Genus Tagicetus
- Subfamily Lophocetinae
- Genus Hadrodelphis
- Genus Liolithax
- Genus Lophocetus
- Subfamily Pithanodelphininae
- Genus Atocetus
- Genus Leptodelphis
- Genus Pithanodelphis
- Genus Sophianacetus
- Subfamily incertae sedis
- Genus Sarmatodelphis
- Genus Kampholophos
(Miocene to recent)
- Aprixokogia
- Kogia (extant)
- Kogiopsis
- Praekogia
- Scaphokogia
(Miocene to Recent)
(Miocene)
Family Odobenocetopsidae
(Pliocene)
Family Patriocetidae
(Oligocene to Early Miocene)
(Miocene to Recent)
- Australithax
- Haborophocoena
- Lomacetus
- Loxolithax
- Numataphocoena
- Piscolithax
- Salumiphocaena
- Septemriocetus
- Aulophyseter
- Diaphorocetus
- Ferecetotherium
- Helvicetus
- Hoplocetus
- Idiophyseter
- Idiorophus
- Orycterocetus
- Physeter (extant)
- Physeter antiquus
- Physeter vetus
- Physeterula
- Placoziphius
- Preaulophyseter
(Miocene to Recent)
- Araeodelphis
- Pachyacanthus
- Platanista (extant)
- Pomatodelphis
- Prepomatodelphis
- Zarhachis
(Middle Miocene to Recent)
- Auroracetus
- Brachydelphis
- Pliopontos
- Pontistes
- Protophocaena
Family Prosqualodontidae
(Oligocene to Miocene)
(Late Oligocene)
Fmaily Squalodelphinidae
(Early to Late Miocene)
- Medocinia
- Notocetus (syn. Argyrodelphis, Diochotichus)
- Phocageneus
- Squalodelphis
Family Squalodontidae
(Oligocene to Pliocene)
- Eosqualodon
- Phoberodon
- Squalodon (syn. Kelloggia, Rhizoprion, Crenidelphinus, Arionius, Macrophoca, Phocodon, Smilocamptus)
- Tangaroasaurus
(Oligocene)
Family Xenorophidae
(Oligocene)
- Albertocetus
- Archaeodelphis
- Xenorophus
(Miocene to Recent)
- Africanacetus
- Archaeoziphius
- Anoplonassa
- Aporotus
- Beneziphius
- Belemnoziphius
- Caviziphius
- Cetorhynchus
- Choneziphius
- Eboroziphius
- Ihlengesi
- Izikoziphius
- Khoikhoicetus
- Mesoplodon (extant)
- Mesoplodon slangkopi
- Mesoplodon tumidirostris
- Messapicetus
- Microberardius
- Nazcacetus
- Nenga
- Ninoziphius
- Pelycorhamphus
- Pterocetus
- Xhosacetus
- Ziphirostrum
- Acrophyseter (Late Miocene; Physeteroidea)
- Atropatenocetus (Oligocene; Odontoceti)
- Austrosqualodon (Oligocene; Odontoceti)
- Brygmophyseter (Miocene; Physeteroidea)
- Delphinavus (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Graamocetus (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Imerodelphis (Miocene; Odontoceti)
- Lamprolithax (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Livyatan[8](Miocene; Physeteroidea)
- Miodelphis (Early Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Nannolithax (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Oedolithax (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Oligodelphis (Oligocene; Delphinoidea)
- Palaeophocaena (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Placoziphius (Miocene; Physeteroidea)
- Platylithax (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Protodelphinus (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Saurocetus (Oligocene; Odontoceti)
- Scadicetus (Miocene; Physeteroidea)
- Sinanodelphis (Miocene; Delphinoidea)
- Thalassocetus (Miocene to Pliocene; Odontoceti)
- Zygophyseter (Late Miocene; Physeteroidea)
See also
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Cetaceans portal |
|
Extinction portal |
References
- ^ http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57499/1/Vol%2031%20No%2013%20final%2012-19-07.pdf
- ^ Gingerich, P.D. et al. 2001. Origin of Whales from Early Artiodactyls: Hands and Feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan. (19 September 2001). Science [DOI: 10.1126/science.1063902].
- ^ Otsuka, H.; Ota, Y. (2008). "Cetotheres from the early Middle Miocene Bihoku Group in Shobara District, Hiroshima Prefecture, West Japan". Miscellaneous Reports of the Hiwa Museum for Natural History 49 (2): 1–66.
- ^ Kimura, T.; Hasegawa, Y. (2010). "A new baleen whale (Mysticeti: Cetotheriidae) from the earliest late Miocene of Japan and a reconsideration of the phylogeny of cetotheres.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (2): 577–591. doi:10.1080/02724631003621912.
- ^ Kellogg, R. (1934). "A new cetothere from the Modelo Formation at Los Angeles, California.". Carnegie Institution of Washington 447: 83–104.
- ^ Bouetel, V.; Muizon, C. de (2006). pdf "The anatomy and relationships of Piscobalaena nana (Cetacea, Mysticeti), a Cetotheriidae s.s. from the early Pliocene of Peru.". Geodiversitas 28 (2): 319–395. http://www.mnhn.fr/museum/front/medias/publication/8119_g06n2a8.pdf pdf.
- ^ Bisconti, M. (2006). "Titanocetus, a new baleen whale from the middle Miocene of northern Italy (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti).". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 (2): 344–354. JSTOR 4524574.
- ^ Lambert, O., G. Bianucci, K. Post, C. de Muizon, R. Salas-Gismondi, M. Urbina & J. Reumer. (2010). The giant bite of a new raptorial sperm whale from the Miocene epoch of Peru. Nature 466: 105–108. doi:10.1038/nature09067
External links